Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Benzodiazepines/adverse effects , Humans , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Psychological first aid (PFA) is one of the vital tools in delivering psychological interventions to those who have undergone or experienced traumatic events. Traumatic experiences during calamities, outbreaks of infections, and war can induce a significant amount of stress in the absence of early and effective intervention provided by trained caregivers. The coronavirus pandemic has caused significant levels of fear as governments impose quarantine and lockdown to contain the infection. Countries around the globe have halted several social and economic operations to curb the spread of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). However, panic, helplessness, and horror aided by the infection due to the lack of a definitive cure has exposed the population to significant mental distress, thus warranting psychological intervention.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism , Lopinavir/adverse effects , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects , Ritonavir/adverse effects , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/agonists , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors , Anti-Anxiety Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Anxiety Agents/metabolism , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents/metabolism , Antimanic Agents/adverse effects , Antimanic Agents/metabolism , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Antipsychotic Agents/metabolism , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Central Nervous System Stimulants/metabolism , Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors/adverse effects , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers/adverse effects , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers/adverse effects , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors/adverse effects , Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors/adverse effects , Drug Combinations , Drug Interactions , Humans , Pandemics , Psychotropic Drugs/metabolism , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentABSTRACT
An infection of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that originated from Wuhan city of China in December 2019 converted rapidly into pandemic by March 11, 2020. To date, the number of confirmed cases and deaths has risen exponentially in more than 200 countries, with an estimated crude mortality ratio of at least over 2%. The unpreparedness to tackle the unprecedented situation of coronavirus has contributed to the rising number of cases, which has generated an immense sense of fear and anxiety amongst the public. It has further resulted in the inadequacy and unavailability of essential medical supplies, physicians, and healthcare workers (HCW). Although the chief focus is on minimizing transmission through prevention, combating infection, and saving lives by ramping up the development of treatment and vaccines, very little attention is on the critical issue of physician burnout, resident burnout, and the psychological well-being of HCW. Until now, no significant steps have been taken by the authorities to minimize the COVID-19 specific contributing factors for burnout. The COVID-19 has posed strain on the entire healthcare system already, and it is vital to remediate the issue of physician and resident burnout urgently with concrete actions to avoid subsequent potential short-term and long-term adverse implications.